PostgreSQL Training and Certification

You can call PostgreSQL as an open source object-relational database system. To simplify the term further, PostgreSQL uses the SQL languages and extends it also. PostgreSQL combines the SQL languages with different features which are meant for data storage and scalability. Its primary role is to run all the major operating systems.Now, while we are done with the introductory part of PostgreSQL, let us see why PostgreSQL is preferred object-relational database system.

To start with, PostgreSQL is meant to assist the developers in building the applications. It works by efficiently guiding the administrators in matters of data integrity and building up of fault-tolerant environments. It helps in the overall data management system. The current version of PostgreSQL is the version 10 released in October in the year 2017. Today, where there is no other relational database with full conformance, PostgreSQLconforms at least one hundred and sixty features out of one hundred and seventy necessary elements.

Data Types:

1. Primitives: Integer, Numeric, String, Boolean
   
2. Structured: Date/Time, Array, Range, UUID
   
3. Document: JSON/JSONB, XML, Key-value (Hstore)
   
4. Geometry: Point, Line, Circle, Polygon
   
5. Customizations: Composite, Custom Types.
   

Data Integerity:

1. UNIQUE, NOT NULL
   
2. Primary Keys
   
3. Foreign Keys
   
4. Exclusion Constraints
   
5. Explicit Locks, Advisory Lock

 Concurrency, Performance 

1. Indexing: B-tree, Multicolumn, Expressions, Partial
   
2. Advanced Indexing: GiST, SP-Gist, KNN Gist, GIN, BRIN, Bloom filters
   
3. Sophisticated query planner/ optimizer, index-only scans, multicolumn statistics
   
4. Transactions, Nested Transactions (via savepoints)
   
5. Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC)
   
6. Parallelization of reading queries
   
7. Table partitioning
   
8. All transaction isolation levels defined in the SQL standard, including Serializable.
   

Reliability, Disaster Recovery 

1. Write-ahead Logging (WAL)
   
2. Replication: Asynchronous, Synchronous, Logical
   
3. Point-in-time-recovery (PITR), active standbys
   
4. Tablespaces

Security :

1. Authentication: GSSAPI, SSPI, LDAP, SCRAM-SHA-256, Certificate, and more
   
2. Robust access-control system
   
3. Column and row-level security
   

Extensibility 

1. Stored procedures
2. Procedural Languages: PL/PGSQL, Perl, Python (and many more)
3. Foreign data wrappers: connect to other databases or streams with a standard SQL interface
4. Many extensions that provide additional functionality, including PostGIS.

Internationalisation, Text Search 

1. Support for international character sets, e.g. through ICU collations
2. Full-text search.

Backend features:

1. 64-bit large objects
2. advisory locks
3. alter system
4. checksum on data pages
5. column level permissions
6. custom background workers
7. exclusion constraints
8. foreign table inheritance 

Replication features:

1. cascade streaming replication
2. hot standby
3. logical replication
4. multiple synchronous standbys
5. quorum commit for synchronous replications
6. remote apply mode
7. streaming replication 

Performance features:

1. abbreviated keys
2. asynchronous commit
3. full-text search
4. frozen page map
5. GIN indexes partial search
6. Index-only scans

Security features:

1. GSSAPI support
2. native RADIUS authentication
3. native LDAP authentication
4. ROLES
5. Row-level security
6. SSL certificate validation in libpq
7. Large objects access control

Network features:

1. full SSL support
2. IPv6 support
3. V2 client protocol
4. V3 client protocol

Internationalisation features:

1. column-level collation support
2. multiple-language support
3. UTF8 support on Windows
4. database level collation
5. multibyte encoding support
6. Unicode string literals and identifiers

1. Writable Foreign Data Wrappers
   
2. Contrib/file_fdw
   
3. Contrib/postgres_fdw
   
4. IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA
   
5. Postgres_fdw pushdown
   
6. Foreign tables

1. Column-level triggers
   
2. ORDER BY support within aggregates
   
3. Triggers on views
   
4. WHEN clause for CREATE TRIGGER
   
5. Function Argument Names
   
6. Event Triggers
   
7. ALTER TABLE ENABLE/DISABLE TRIGGER
   
8. Per function GUC settings
   
9. Per function statistics
   
10. SQL stored procedures
    
11. Variadic Functions
    
12. Statement level triggers

1. CREATE TRANSFORM
   
2. DO statement for pl/perl
   
3. Named Parameters
   
4. Polymorphic Functions
   
5. RETURN QUERY in pl/pgsql
   
6. Validator Function for pl/perl
   
7. User-Defined Exceptions
   
8. Pl/pgsql installed
   
9. Scrollable and updatable cursor support for pl/pgsql
   
10. Unicode Object Support in PL/python
    
11. Non-superuser Language Creation
    
12. The number of Function Arguments Increased to 100
    
13. Qualified Function Parameters
    
14. ROWS and COST specifications for functions
    
15. SQLERRM/SQLSTATE for pl/pgsql
    

1. contrib/adminpack
   
2. contrib/citext
   
3. contrib/autoexplain
   
4. contrib/hstore
   
5. contrib/dblink asyncronous notification support
   
6. contrib/passwordcheck
   
7. contrib/ltree
   
8. contrib/pg_rewind
   
9. contrib/pg_freespacemap
   
10. contrib/pg_upgrade
    
11. contrib/tablefunc
    
12. contrib/tsearch2 compat wrapper
    
13. contrib/pg_xlogdump.

PostgreSQL receives robust support from its active community. There are above dozens of mailing lists with PostgreSQL. These mailing lists are categorised into topics such as announcements, general PostgreSQL Support, PostgreSQL development, and jobs

In addition to this, PostgreSQL believes in global community creation. There are diverse global groups of PostgreSQL stretched across the world. Besides the globally active different groups of PostgreSQL, there are two other active communities called as IRC and Slack community.

Instead of this, there are abundant international sites which share the information regarding PostgreSQL. This information is available in diverse languages specific to the particular region.

Planet PostgreSQL and PostgreSQL Wiki are two keen interests of PostgreSQL community. The Planet PostgreSQL contributes towards the blog creation highlighting many topics of PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL Wiki is the PostgreSQL user-generated content which looks after the Wikipedia page of PostgreSQL. The PostgreSQL Wiki contains all the relevant information about PostgreSQL. It also guides the users towards the PostgreSQL code generation.

The PostgreSQL developer is a person who works on the ongoing project. The PostgreSQL developer is not entitled to perform the role of development of an application or a website. The PostgreSQL platform in place of hiring the programmers is more dedicated to reaching across the internet. This process of reaching across the internet helps PostgreSQL to pull in many quality database developers in the family of PostgreSQL.

The pre-release testing versions of the PostgreSQL is known as the PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release. These versions are for testing purposes and are not meant for production use. More or less, the PostgreSQL developers have designed the PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release to be frozen with features. The uniqueness of the PostgreSQL lies in their pre-release public trial. Yes! You heard it right. The PostgreSQL issues a civil trial certification for its new PostgreSQL beta and releases candidate release before its official release in the market. This trial functions as the quality assurance testing process for PostgreSQL products. After a thorough in and out analysis of the public trial, PostgreSQL team prepares the blueprint for the official PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release.

It is a strong recommendation from the desk of PostgreSQL Global Development Group to trust on and use the beta version of PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release. This facilitates the requirements of production installation processes and active developmental projects. However, when you are keen on purchasing the PostgreSQL beta and issue candidate release, you must be aware of the bugs that might harm your system. The bugs in the PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release are due to the manual and automatic testing of the PostgreSQL codes. Whatever features are bundled in the PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release installed at your end, they are subject to change with the inventory change in the market.

 While if someone asks about the current version of PostgreSQL beta and release candidate release, then tell them confidently it is PostgreSQL 11 Beta 1. Well, if your business is new to use the PostgreSQL beta and issue candidate release, then you may follow the links on https://www.postgresql.org/developer/beta/  These links give you a complete guide about the release announcement of PostgreSQL 11 Beta 1 and downloading the code for PostgreSQL 11 Beta 1. Also, the webpage contains the link indicating the development versions of documents and a guide which suggests towards the PostgreSQL 11 Beta 1 testing.

The page https://www.postgresql.org/list/ contains all the mail listings of PostgreSQL tool. You may navigate through the company information by visiting their homepage. The business website for PostgreSQL reads as https://www.postgresql.org/. Connect with PostgreSQL today for unsurpassable experience of open source object-relational database system.