Unix Engineer Interview Questions
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- What is the difference between UNIX and Linux?
UNIX is an operating systemoriginally developed in the 1960s at AT&T. Linux is an open-source OSinspired by UNIX. They share concepts and commands but have different licensingand distribution methods.
- What is a shell in UNIX?
A shell provides an interface forusers to interact with the UNIX system, typically via command-line.
- Explain the file permissions in UNIX.
UNIX file permissions are basedon 3 categories: User (u), Group (g), and Others (o), with permissions likeRead (r), Write (w), and Execute (x).
- What's the significance of the 'inode'?
An inode contains metadata abouta file (not the file content). It includes details like size, ownership, andpermissions.
- What is a process in UNIX?
- Aprocess is a running instance of a program. Each process has a unique ID.
- How can you view running processes?
The `ps` command displays activeprocesses. `top` provides a real-time view.
- What's the difference between 'grep', 'awk', and 'sed'?
- `grep`searches for text patterns in files. `awk` is a text processing tool that workson a line-by-line basis. `sed` is a stream editor used for modifying files.
- How would you kill a process?
- Usethe `kill` command followed by the process ID. For a forceful kill, use `kill-9 <PID>`.
- Explain the significance of the '/' and '~' directories.
- '/'is the root directory, the start of the file system hierarchy. '~' representsthe home directory of the current user.
- What is a symbolic link in UNIX?
- Asymbolic link is a reference to another file or directory. It's similar to ashortcut.
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